PCBA Test refers to the testing of electrical continuity and input/output values on circuit boards with electronic components installed.

In PCB circuit board design, there are numerical relationships such as voltage and current between different test points. It is necessary to use professional testing equipment or manually operate a multimeter to test the test points and verify whether the actual PCBA board meets the design requirements.

Testing is necessary for the processing of large quantities of PCBA boards, and corresponding test racks are usually issued to assist in efficient completion.

The principle of a test stand is to connect the test pin to the test point of the PCB board. When powered on, key data such as voltage and current in the circuit are obtained and displayed on the display screen of the test stand to achieve rapid detection.

When customers design PCB boards, engineers will consider their testing plans, reserve PCB testing points, and provide professional testing documents or plans to the manufacturer.

The types of PCBA testing are divided into the following:

ICT (In Circuit Test) testing: It mainly detects the voltage/current data of the test points after the PCB circuit board is powered on, and does not involve testing of functional buttons or input/output aspects.

FCT (Functional Test) testing: It is necessary to first burn the written microcontroller (MCU) program into the program IC through a burner (such as ST Link, JTAG) to achieve corresponding functional testing. For example, after pressing the button, the LED lights up; Press both buttons simultaneously to restore factory settings, and so on. Of course, whether all functional tests can be carried out must be based on the premise of PCB welding OK and circuit continuity, otherwise it cannot be achieved.

Burn In Test: Simulate user input and output for a long period of time and periodically on PCBA boards that have burned programs and passed FCT, in order to test their durability and welding reliability. In special circumstances, it is also necessary to expose the PCBA board to specific temperature and humidity environments.

PCBA testing is an essential and important link in the entire PCBA manufacturing supply chain, controlling quality from the final data results. In standardized design and manufacturing management, PCBA testing must be recommended and implemented.

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